Epidemiology:
- Occurs in ~1–5% of routine tooth extractions, up to 20–30% after mandibular third molar removal.
- More common in females, smokers, oral contraceptive users, and traumatic extractions.
Expected Prognosis:
- Self-limiting; usually resolves in 7–10 days with supportive care.
- Pain relief and healing improve rapidly after appropriate management.
Natural Progression:
- Onset 1–3 days post-extraction with increasing pain.
- Pain may radiate to ear, temple, or neck.
- Healing delayed until new granulation tissue forms over exposed bone.
Pathophysiology:
- Premature loss or breakdown of blood clot from extraction socket.
- Exposed alveolar bone → inflammation without infection.
- Possible fibrinolytic activity triggered by trauma, infection, or hormonal influences.
Possible Complications:
- Prolonged pain and delayed healing.
- Secondary infection of the socket.
- Spread to adjacent soft tissues or osteomyelitis in severe cases.
Frequently Asked Questions
What is a dry socket?
A dry socket occurs when the blood clot at an extraction site gets dislodged or dissolves, exposing the bone and nerves, leading to severe pain and delayed healing.
What are the symptoms of a dry socket?
Symptoms include intense throbbing pain, an empty-looking socket, bad breath, and an unpleasant taste in the mouth.
How can I prevent a dry socket after tooth extraction?
Avoid smoking, drinking through a straw, spitting forcefully, or eating hard foods after an extraction, as these can dislodge the clot.
How is dry socket treated?
A dentist may clean the socket, apply a medicated dressing, and prescribe pain relievers to help manage discomfort while it heals.
How long does a dry socket take to heal?
With proper treatment, it usually heals within 7 to 10 days, though the pain can last several days before improving.
